Module Structure

Source: Syed Ovais Akhtar – Medium

Understanding PV Modules in Remote Power Applications

A photovoltaic (PV) module is a unit comprising interconnected solar cells encapsulated to form a durable and stable structure. The primary purpose of encapsulating solar cells is to shield them and their interconnecting wires from the harsh environmental conditions they are exposed to. Solar cells are susceptible to mechanical damage due to their thin nature, and the metal grid on their surface as well as interconnecting wires can corrode when exposed to water or water vapor. Encapsulation serves to prevent both mechanical damage and corrosion of electrical components.

Diversity in PV Module Types

There are various types of PV modules, each with a different structure tailored to the specific solar cells or applications they are designed for. For instance, amorphous silicon solar cells are commonly encapsulated in flexible arrays, whereas bulk silicon solar cells utilized in remote power applications typically have rigid structures with glass front surfaces.

Module Configurations and Lifespan

The most prevalent PV modules come with either 60 or 72 cells and are equipped with three bypass diodes. Originally, 60-cell modules were intended for residential use due to their ease of handling, while the heavier 72-cell modules were designed for large utility installations that have access to cranes and hydraulic lifts. However, 72-cell modules can also be utilized in residential settings with appropriate system design.

The lifespan and warranties of bulk silicon PV modules typically exceed 20 years, highlighting the durability of encapsulated PV modules. Warranties often guarantee that the module will retain 90% of its rated output for the first 10 years and 80% for up to 25 years. To ensure the validity of these warranties in case of manufacturer bankruptcy, third-party reinsurance companies are involved.

Source: ECOPROGETTI Srl

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